^Jake, I’d recommend looking up the exact carburetor you’re about to clean. Sometimes people post super helpful videos on the exact thing you need. Otherwise, this video from MC Garage is a good intro: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p44VNddZ7Zc. Just be careful with carb cleaner and rubber seals. It will likely cause those seals to swell and damage their integrity. Also, if you don’t have an air compressor, using a can of compressed air for computer dusting works good for an one off project like yours. Bristles from a shop broom are also a good tool to poke through tiny carb holes and won’t scratch/damage any passageways.
As for fuels, Just wanted to share some things I’ve read/experienced in case people didn’t already know some of this.
#1. About oxy (ethanol) fuels. The ethanol helps to ad oxygen to the combustion (hence the name) and results in a more complete burn. Not necessarily more powerful, but more complete. MODERN engines are designed to use these fuels. You won’t hurt any seals or anything in the engine by using this fuel. I’d recommend using whatever the manufacturer designed the equipment for. Additionally, just using “Premium” doesn’t ensure that there isn’t any ethanol in your fuel. Premium is just a nickname for a higher octane fuel. High octane simply means that it takes more compression to auto ignite the fuel which reduces the chance for engine knock in higher compression engines. Make sure that the pump says, “Non-Oxy” or something similar.
#2. Ethanol gum. Ethanol begins to break down roughly 90 days, but takes much longer to seriously break down under normal circumstances to the point where you will have any problems. To the point of many posts on here, if you have fresh gas in your system in the fall, you will in all likelihood be good in the spring to start it right up. An EVEN SAFER bet, which is VERY EASY to do, is to just run your stuff dry of gas like people have already said.(based on 15 years of anecdotal evidence with boat, mower, leaf blower, weed whip, snowmobile, etc.)
#3. Ethanol gas and water. Ethanol is hygroscopic, meaning that it does absorb water from the air. However, E10 gas will absorb about 0.5% of it’s total volume depending on temp. before “breaking” and causing issues, so that’s not something that any regular joe will have to ever worry about. On the flip side, Non-Oxy gas will not absorb any water. Because of this, if you have a permanent gas tank in a boat, tractor, etc, that could experience regular condensation and only run non-oxy in it, there could be a layer of water at the bottom of your tank depending on where your pickup line is. Ethanol gas’s ability to absorb some water will result in that small amount of condensation being burned up during normal use. So as long as you don’t dump a big chunk of snow or a shot-glass worth of water in your gas, you likely never have to worry about this and it could even be a benefit in certain situations.
Non-oxy gas has a shelf life of around 2 years though, so if you use an engine every other year and can’t be bothered to take care of it. Consider using Non-Oxygenated fuel.
#4. Fogging your engine. Like Grouse said, unless you live in an extremely corrosive environment like the coast, with heavy salt in the air, there’s no need for this. Both 2-stroke and 4-stroke engines already have a light coating of oil on the cylinders from regular use and won’t rust/corrode.
TL:DR is, Ethanol gas is not the devil and in certain situations is preferable to non-oxy. Letting gas sit in your engines for 6 months+ is the devil and should be considered small engine abuse.