My understanding of “turning over” is when the water beneath the thermocline that develops in the spring and exists throughout summer begins to mix with the water above the thermocline. Water below the thermocline is much cooler and therefore holds much less oxygen. Most species of fish will not be found below the thermocline because of the low oxygen levels limiting the fish to certain depths and areas. In the fall as the water cools, once it reaches a point where it basically is the same temperature as the water below the thermocline, the lake water between these two levels mix. You have the oxygen rich water above and oxygen depleted below becoming one. During this period lakes can become murky and even smell shutting down the bite. After this has taken place, fish now can roam to any part of the lake at any depth because it is evenly oxygenated throughout. This can scatter the fish since they now have more room to move about. The lake will stay this way throughout the winter until a new thermocline develops next year when surface water temps increase.
Anyone else feel free to add to this or correct me if I’m wrong as I’m definitely no expert.