Most fish that die from deep hooking when using live bait is most often the result of lack of experience on the part of the angler. I know I kill or injure far more fish in a season fishing crankbaits than I do dragging jigs n’ bait or fishing 3 ways n’ bait for walleye. I can’t recall ever deep-hooking a smallie fishing jig n’ leech or crawler but I’ve had some VERY bad things happen to smallies when they’re aggressively attacking stickbaits.
On my last bass trip with DeeZee I had a 20+” smallie that we did not take a photo of as I was so concerned about its ability to withstand any further distress after it took a tube deep into the pie hole. After some careful extraction work and some patient time boat side I think she ended up all right.
My point is… no matter how you fish, you will hurt and kill a percentage of the fish you intend to release. Even bass. As you gain more experience you’ll find ways to reduce this to a minimum but it will never be completely eliminated.
But let’s be brutally honest about the real reason bass tournies don’t allow live bait. Tournaments won on crawlers or softshell crayfish aren’t worth thousands of dollars in subsequent sales to the companies sponsoring the events.
I have no idea how it happened but the use of live bait is much more engrained into the sport and culture of walleye fishing and has been harder to shake in the tournament environment. We do have some artificial only events from time to time but they are almost always hosted by a company limiting the participants to the use of their products.