I would say 75% of my calling (grunts/bleats) is when I have either seen a deer or hear what I suspect is one and call (sparingly) to try and convince them to get closer. October it’s mostly buck grunts, short ‘contact’ grunts. Come November if needed I’ll mix in some more aggressive growls, tending grunts and doe beats.
Rattling is where I do ‘blind’ calling (no known deer in immediate area), most of my bow stands if I can see them they are closer than I like to rattle. Often before I rattle I will do a calling sequence (higher and lower pitched buck grunts or a buck grunts amd doe bleats) then wait 15 minutes or so just in case there was deer closer than I expected (and they react to the call). I usually keep rattling sequences fairly short and follow up with some growls/grunts, then immediately get ready with bow. I’ve had some charge in hard, some take their time (and a lot of zero responses).
It’s all a lot of guesswork, trial and error, and just time in stand listening to the deer doing their thing naturally. Never going to work everytime and over the last 20 years I have noticed how each buck can have its own personality and figuring out those personalities (if you can) will greatly help narrow down what will and won’t work on particular deer. Another thing (I think) even bigger than how you are calling is the setup itself. If it’s open to the point a deer can stand out at a distance and see there is no deer, the odds of that deer committing are slim. My best ‘calling’ stands are in some pretty thick stuff (bow season), limits your opportunities to get a shot off but it’s what you really need to get that buck to hunt for the deer he heard (you) and commit to getting in close. With the benefit of hunting Coulee country I’ve been able to use the topography itself to try and make these ‘heavy cover’ setups a little more predictable on how they will respond but I’ve had a fair share of deer respond that I can’t to anything other than watch, quite often because it’s to the wrong side and I can’t get turned without getting busted. Probably the most frustrating part of bow hunting for me as I am an ambidextrous rifleman and they wouldn’t get away with it then.