I’ve did some flyfishing earlier this month with clients and we tried ever so hard to force feed them topwater stuff. The top-water bite just didn’t seem to be very good anywhere at this time. Popper & chuggers. We caught too few fish for too much time spent trying to make it work but I have had some very successful outings doing this and the fish you do catch are a huge hoot!
I’ve also used some leech imitators and some other terrestrials like wollybuggers, etc. and have done well but typically if I’m going to fish sub-surface, I reach for the med-light st. croix and the plastics and have at it.