You just asked some great questions… but the scope of your question is HUGE. It could take a couple books worth of typing to answer properly. My suggestion would be to break your question down a little into smaller “bite sized” inquiries.
Like… what kind of locational changes / movemements do bass make in the fall on rivers? Or how do bass respond to rising water temps in the spring prior to the spawn?
Mitch , Like James says thats a pretty broad question, but to get you started thinking. In current the quick thing to look for is anything that breaks it and fish the small eddy it produces.In high water I like to look for areas were the water rises on steeper banks so it is actually rising vertical more than horizontal.That way the fish can’t spread out on you as much.I have also found that on some of my favorite banks that are flatter were the water does spread out into the woods. It can still produce if you fish the original bank. This now with the higher water turns into an edge or transition area and some fish are still there.I hope this helps to get you started thinking of what to try next year. Good luck