Good article on knots from Infisherman.
The two simplest and strongest line-to-snap, line-to-split ring, or line-to-lure knots for monofilament and fluorocarbon are the Palomar and the Trilene (also called the double-loop clinch knot). Tied correctly they both provide knot strength of around 95 percent of line break strength. This is much better than other easy-to-tie knots like the improved clinch. My experience with these knots is a matter of testing with machines that determine tensile strength; my discussions with engineers working in the line facility at the Berkley Lab in Spirit Lake, Iowa; and extensive field experience, having used these knots for more than 30 years.
Much of the fishing world was at one point better-schooled in which knots work best. During the sportshow season, Berkley provided line-testing machines in their booths set up across North America. Anglers would tie their favorite knot and could see how it performed, as tested by the machine. Performance usually was poor. Then they were shown how to tie the Trilene knot, which subsequently would test as I said—so, knot novice into the booth, knot pro out. Of course, Berkley has also run tens of thousands of tests with even more sophisticated machines in their Spirit Lake facility, with results that back my points here.
I use the Trilene knot except when doing knot connections for drop-shot rigging, where the Palomar is superior at making a hook stand out perpendicular to the line. I find the Trilene faster and easier to tie. And it wastes less terminal line, which is a factor when you’re using a fluorocarbon leader at the end of a braid or a fused superline (like Berkley NanoFil or FireLine Ultra 8). Many anglers trim over a foot of line each time they tie a Palomar. The typical Trilene trim is 3 or 4 inches. It saves you from having to tie on new leaders in the field.
Wrapping makes a difference in how a knot performs. With the Trilene, use 5 wraps for lines with break strengths of 10 pounds or less. For lines with break strengths of 12, 14, and 15 pounds, 4 wraps work fine. Heavier lines, up to 30 pounds, need 3 wraps. Beyond 30 pounds, the Trilene tends to “knuckle up” on itself. I switch to a three-wrap uni-knot to make terminal connections with heavy mono and fluorocarbon. The tag end on the Uni-knot lays perpendicular to your mainline when it’s finished, making a straight, solid connection to lure, snap, or split ring.
It’s worth interjecting, as a matter of overall perspective, that doubling the end of one’s line and tying knots with the doubled line also produces knots with high break strengths. This is more critical in saltwater, where fish pull much harder than most freshwater fish. It’s a subject for another day.
In the North Country where pike (and sometimes muskies) swim along with walleyes, largemouths, smallmouths, and other fish, I almost always use an 8- to 12-inch section of tie-able wire at the end of my fluorocarbon to keep from getting bit off. The science of how many predatory fish see suggests that they don’t see well enough close in to be turned off by a tiny section of wire near your lure. As long as it’s a short section, it seems to become an extension of the lure, more than something attached to it and apart from it.
This is particularly true for lures moving steadily or erratically. But I also find that largemouth bass don’t mind a short section of wire on a skirted jig. Using small jigs for smallmouth bass might be an exception at times, but again, from long practical experience my findings generally suggest